• Insects 
• Diseases
• Weeds 
• All of them

• Blue-green algae, rhizobia, other nitrogen fixing bacteria and mycorrhiza fungi
• Blue-green algae, rhizobia and other nitrogen fixing bacteria
• Rhizobia, other nitrogen fixing bacteria and mycorrhiza fungi
• Blue-green algae, rhizobia and mycorrhiza fungi

93. Which of the following risks are associated with genetically modified food ?

I. Toxicity

II. Allergic reaction

III. Antibiotic resistance in micro-organisms present in alimentary canal

• I and II
• I, II and III
• I and III
• II and III

• Prevent expression of a native gene
• Modify an existing biosynthetic pathway
• Produce a protein that itself produces the phenotype of interest or is the product of interest
• All of the above

Mention a product of human welfare obtained with the help of each one of the following microbes:

 (a) LAB

 (b) Saccharomyces cerevisiae

 (c) Propionibacterium sharmanii

 (d) Aspergillus niger

Choose any three microbes, from the following which are suited for organic farming which is in great demand these days for various reasons. Mention one application of each one chosen.

Mycorrhiza; Monascus; Anabaena; Rhizobium; Methanobacterium; Trichoderma.

Draw a labelled sketch of sparged-stirred-tank bioreactor. Write its application.

Name two commonly used bioreactors. State the importance of using a bioreactor.

Name the source of streptokinase. How does this bioreactor molecule function in our body?

How do mycorrhizae act as biofertilizers? Explain. Name a genus of fungi that forms a mycorrhizal association with plants.