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Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Short Answer Type

31. (a) How did the transformation experiments of Griffith differ from those of Avery and MacCleod ?

(b) What was the significance of each ?

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32. What was the rationale of using ³²P and ³⁵S by Hershey and Chase ? Instead, if we use radiolabelled C and N, will the results be any different ?

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33. Which three components that make up the nucleotides ?

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34.

Draw a diagram of polynucleotide chain.

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35. Why is the DNA molecule compared to a spiralling staircase ?

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Long Answer Type

36.

Sketch a double helix of DNA.

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Short Answer Type

37.

If a double stranded DNA has 20 per cent of cytosine, calculate the percent of adenine in the DNA.

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38. If the sequence of one strand of DNA is written as follows : 5’–ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATG C –3’ Write down the sequence of complementary strand in 5’ and 3’ direction.

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39. If the sequence of coding strand in a transcription unit is written as follows :

5’– ATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGCATGC –3’ Write down the sequence of mRNA.

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40. What are Chargaff rules ?

Chargaff Rules

(1) In DNA molecule, A — T base pairs equal in number to G — C base pairs.

(2) A + G = T + C, i.e. Purines and pyrimidines equal in amount.

(3) A = T and C = G (Amount).

(4) The base ratio A + T/G + C may vary from one species to other but is constant for each species. It helps in identifying the source of DNA.

(5) The deoxyribose sugar and phosphate component occur in equal proportions.

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