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Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Long Answer Type

81. Mention the steps of translation.

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82. Write salient features of human genome project.

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83. List the steps involved in DNA fingerprinting.

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Short Answer Type

84.
Briefly describe the following:
(a) Transcription
(b) Polymorphism
(c) Translation
(d) Bioinformatics

(a) Transcription is the process by which the genetic information is copied from DNA strand into RNA .

(b) Polymorphism - is the variation at genetic level which is caused due to mutation.

(c) Translation is the process by which proteins are synthesized based on the code in mRNA transcript.

(d) Bioinformatics- The term Bioinformatics is derived from two words : “Biology” and “Informatics” which uses computer-assisted interdisciplinary science to acquire, manage, store, access and process biological data.

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Long Answer Type

85.

Describe Griffith’s experiment to demonstrate that DNA is the basic genetic material. What observation was given by Avery, McCarty and MacCleod?

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86.

How is long DNA molecule adjusted in a nucleus.

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Short Answer Type

87. Write a note on semiconservative mode of DNA replication.

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88. Name two major enzymes of DNA replication ?

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89. One of the codons on mRNA is AUG.What is unique about this code

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Long Answer Type

90.

What is the inducer in the lac operon? How does it ensure the 'switching on' of genes?
Draw a schematic representation of Lac operon of how does this operon get switched ‘on’ or ‘off.
Or
Explain how the gene expression is regulated?

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