Chemistry : Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Account for the following:

(i) CH₃CHO is more reactive than CH₃ COCH₃ towards reaction with HCN.

(ii) The carboxylic acid is a stronger acid than phenol.

Write the chemical equations to illustrate the following name reactions:

(i) Wolff-Kishner reduction

(ii) Aldol condensation

Write the structure of 3-methyl butanal. 

How will you bring about the following conversions?

 (i) Propanone to propane

(ii) Benzoyl chloride to benzaldehyde

(iii) Ethanal to but-2-enal

Illustrate the following name reaction giving suitable example in each case:

(i) Clemmensen reduction

(ii) Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky reaction

Give simple tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.

(i) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone

(iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

Illustrate the following reactions giving a suitable example for each.

 (i) Cross aldol condensation

 (ii) Decarboxylation

Give simple tests to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds

 (i) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

 (ii) Benzaldehyde and Acetophenone

 (iii) Phenol and Benzoic acid

Explain the following giving one example for each: 

(i) Reimer-Tiemann reaction. 

(ii) Friedel Craft’s acetylation of anisole.

Give chemical tests to distinguish between 

(i) Propanal and propanone, 

(ii) Benzaldehyde and acetophenone. 

(b) How would you obtain 

(i) But-2-enal from ethanal, 

(ii) Butanoic acid from butanol, 

(iii) Benzoic acid from ethylbenzene?