Chemistry : Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

(a) Describe the following giving linked chemical equations: 

 (i) Cannizzaro reaction 

 (ii) Decarboxylation 

(b) Complete the following chemical equations: 

 A compound 'A' of molecular formula C₂H₃OCl undergoes a series of reactions as shown below. Write the structures of A, B, C and D in the following reactions:

(b) Distinguish between the following:

(i) C₆H₅-COCH₃ and C₆H₅ - CHO

(ii) Benzoic acid and methyl benzoate

(c) Write the structure of 2- methylbutanal.

(a) Write the structures of the main product when acetone ( CH₃-CO-CH₃) reacts with the following reagent:

(i) Zn-Hg/conc. HCl

(ii)  H₂N-NHCONH₂/H⁺

(iii) CH₃MgBr and then H₃O⁺

(a)  Arrange the following in the increasing order of their boiling point:

C₂H₅OH, CH₃-CHO, CH₃-COOH

(b)  Give a simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pair of compounds:

CH₃CH₂CHO and CH₃CH₂COCH₃

Write the equations involved in the following reactions:

(i) Reimer - Tiemann reaction

(ii) Williamson’s ether synthesis

(a) How will you convert the following? 

(i) Propanone to Propan-2-ol

(ii) Ethanal to 2-hydroxy propanoic acid

(iii) Toluene to benzoic acid

(b) Give simple chemical test to distinguish between:

(i) Pentan-2-one and Pentan-3-one

(ii) Ethanal and Propanal

(a) Write the products of the following reactions:

(b) Which acid of each pair shown here would you expect to be stronger?

(i) F — CH₂ —COOH or Cl — CH₂ — COOH

(ii) 

Write the IUPAC name of the following.

(a) Write a suitable chemical equation to complete each of the following transformations:

(i) Butan-1-ol to butanoic acid

(ii) 4-methylacetophenone to benzene-1, 4-dicarboxylic acid

(b) An organic compound with molecular formula C₉H₁₀O forms 2, 4-DNP derivative, reduces Tollen’s reagent and undergoes Cannizzaro’s reaction. On vigorous oxidation, it gives 1, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid. Identify the compound.

(a) Give chemical tests to distinguish between

(i) Propanol and propanone

(ii) Benzaldehyde and acetophenone

(b) Arrange the following compounds in an increasing order of their property as indicated:

(i) Acetaldeyde, Acetone, Methyl tert-butyl ketone (reactivity towards HCN)

(ii) Benzoic acid, 3, 4-Dinitrobenzoic acid, 4-Methoxybenzoic acid (acid strength).

(iii) CH₃CH₂CH (Br) COOH, CH₃CH (Br) CH₂COOH, (CH₃)₂CHCOOH (acid strength)

Write the structures of A, B, C, D and E in the following reactions:


Or

(a)Write the chemical equation for the reaction involved in Cannizzaro reaction.
(b)Draw the structure of the semicarbazone of ethanal.
(c)Why pKa of F-CH₂-COOH is lower than that of Cl−CH₂−COOH?
(d)Write the product in the following reaction:

(e)How can you distinguish between propanal and propanone?