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 Multiple Choice QuestionsMultiple Choice Questions

1.

In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea?

  • Dorsal aorta

  • Hepatic vein

  • Hepatic portal vein

  • Hepatic portal vein

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2.

The figure shows a human urinary system with structure labelled A to D. Select option, which correctly identifies them and gives their characteristics and of function.


  • A - adrenal gland - located at the anterior part of kidney. Secrete catecholamines, which stimulate glycogen breakdown

  • B- pelvis -board funnel-shaped space inner to hilum, directly connected to loops of Henle

  • C - mediulla-inner zone of kidney and contains complete nephrons.

  • C - mediulla-inner zone of kidney and contains complete nephrons.

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3.

Human urine is usually acidic because

  • The sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries.

  • Excreted plasma proteins are acidic

  • potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity

  • potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity

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4.

The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70-80 percent from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?

  • Ascending limb of loop of Henle

  • Distal convoluted tubule

  • Proximal convoluted tubule

  • Proximal convoluted tubule

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5.

Choose the correctly matched pair.

  • Inner Lining of salivary ducts - Ciliated epithelium

  • Moist surface of buccal cavity - Flandular epithelium

  • Tubular parts of nephrons - Cuboidal epithelium

  • Tubular parts of nephrons - Cuboidal epithelium

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6.

Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

  • Increase in aldosterone levels

  • Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels

  • Decrease in aldosterone levels

  • Decrease in aldosterone levels

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7.

Which one of the following options gives the correct categorisation of six animals according to the type of nitrogenous wastes (A, B, C), they give out?

  • A
    Ammonotelic
    B
    Ureotelic
    C
    Uricotelic
    Pigeon, Humans Aquatic Amphibia, Lizards Cockroach, Frog
  • A
    Ammonotelic
    B
    Ureotelic
    C
    Uricotelic
    Frog, Lizards Aquatic Amphibia, Humans Cockroach, Pigeon
  • A
    Ammonotelic
    B
    Ureotelic
    C
    Uricotelic
    Aquatic Amphibia Frog, Humans Pigeon, Lizards, Cockroach

  • A
    Ammonotelic
    B
    Ureotelic
    C
    Uricotelic
    Aquatic Amphibia Frog, Humans Pigeon, Lizards, Cockroach

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8.

A fall in glomeruclar filtration rat (GFR) activates

  • Juxtra glomerular cells to release renin

  • Adrenal cortex to release aldosterone

  • Adrenal medulla to release adrenaline

  • Adrenal medulla to release adrenaline


A.

Juxtra glomerular cells to release renin

Juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells. The apparatus becomes active when there is decrease in renal blood pressure or decrease in glomerular filtration rate. There is increased absorption of NaCl in ascending limb or loop of Henle. The decreased NaCl content of filtrate activates cells of macula densa to increase secretion of renin from juxta glomerular cells. Renin convert angiotensinogen to angiotensin peptides.

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9.

Which one of the following characteristics is common both in humans and adult frogs?

  • Four chambered heart

  • Internal fertilisation

  • Nucleated RBCs

  • Nucleated RBCs

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10.

Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in

  • more diluted urine

  • more concentrated urine
  • no change in quality and quantity of urine

  • no change in quality and quantity of urine

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