Short Answer TypeStudy the cartoon given below carefully and answer the questions that follow:
(i) Identify and name the person who is holding the balancing beam between the public sector and the private sector.
(ii) Why has a big tilt towards the public sector been shown in the cartoon?
(iii) How did the over-emphasis on public sector adversely affect the Indian economy ?
Long Answer TypeIn what three ways did the collapse of the Soviet Union affect the world politics ? Explain.
Mention the six principal organs of the United Nations and describe the function of any two of them.
Describe the security challenges faced by the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa after the Second World War.
Highlight the circumstances which gave birth to the idea of New International Economic Order (NIEO). Explain any two factors that weakened this initiative.
Circumstances for the birth to the idea of NIEO :-
(i) The challenge for most of the non-aligned countries — a majority of them were categorised as the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) — was to be more developed economically
(ii) The people of these countries were to be lifted out of the vicious circle of poverty.
(iii)Economic development was also vital for the independence of the new countries. Without sustained development, a country could not be truly free.
(iv)It would remain dependent on the richer countries including the colonial powers from which political freedom had been achieved.
Factors that weakened this initiative
i) Stiff opposition from the developed countries who acted as a united group
ii) The non-aligned countries struggled to maintain their unity in the face of this opposition.
Do you agree with the statement that “the foreign policy of independent India has pursued the dream of a peaceful world” ? Support your answer with any three suitable arguments.
Give any three suitable arguments in favour of “India being a staunch supporter of the decolonization process and in firm opposition to racialism”.
Highlight the acts of dissent and resistance to the Emergency imposed in 1975. In your opinion, how did these acts affect the public opinion ?
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