Short Answer TypeDifferentiate between the genetic codes given below : (a) Unambiguous and Universal (b) Degenerate and Initiator
(a) List the two methodologies which were involved in human genome project. Mention how they were used.
(b) Expand ‘YAC’ and mention what was it used for.
(a) 2 Methodologies of HGP : - (1) Expressed Sequence Tags (EST's) : - This method focusses on identifying all the genes that are expressed as RNA.
(2) Sequence Annotation : - It is an approach of simply sequencing the whole set of genome that contains all the coding and non-coding sequences, and later assigning different regions in the sequence with functions.
(b) 'YAC' → Yeast Artificial Chromosome : - It is used as a cloning vector for cloning DNA fragments in suitable host so that DNA sequencing can be done.
(a) Explain the significance of palindromic nucleotide sequence in the formation of recombinant DNA.
(b) Write the use of restriction endonuclease in the above process.
Describe the roles of heat, primers and the bacterium Thermus aquaticus in the process of PCR.
Long Answer TypeWrite the different components of a lac-operon in E. coli. Explain its expression while in an ’open’ state.
Short Answer TypeAlthough a prokaryotic cell has no defined nucleus, yet DNA is not scattered throughout the cell. Explain.
Switch
