Short Answer TypeDifferentiate between the genetic codes given below : (a) Unambiguous and Universal (b) Degenerate and Initiator
(a) List the two methodologies which were involved in human genome project. Mention how they were used.
(b) Expand ‘YAC’ and mention what was it used for.
(a) Explain the significance of palindromic nucleotide sequence in the formation of recombinant DNA.
(b) Write the use of restriction endonuclease in the above process.
Describe the roles of heat, primers and the bacterium Thermus aquaticus in the process of PCR.
Role of Heat : - It helps in denaturation process in PCR. The ds DNA is heated in this process at very high temperature (95ºC) so that both the strands separates. Role of primers : - Primers are chemically synthesised small oligonucleotides of about 10-18 nucleotides that are complementary to a region of template DNA and helps in the extension of new chain. Role of Bacterium Thermus aquaticus : - From this bacterium, a thermostable Taq DNA polymerase is isolated which can tolerate high temperatures and forms new strand.
Long Answer TypeWrite the different components of a lac-operon in E. coli. Explain its expression while in an ’open’ state.
Short Answer TypeAlthough a prokaryotic cell has no defined nucleus, yet DNA is not scattered throughout the cell. Explain.
Switch
