Short Answer TypeDifferentiate between the genetic codes given below : (a) Unambiguous and Universal (b) Degenerate and Initiator
(a) List the two methodologies which were involved in human genome project. Mention how they were used.
(b) Expand ‘YAC’ and mention what was it used for.
(a) Explain the significance of palindromic nucleotide sequence in the formation of recombinant DNA.
(b) Write the use of restriction endonuclease in the above process.
Describe the roles of heat, primers and the bacterium Thermus aquaticus in the process of PCR.
Long Answer TypeWrite the different components of a lac-operon in E. coli. Explain its expression while in an ’open’ state.
Short Answer TypeAlthough a prokaryotic cell has no defined nucleus, yet DNA is not scattered throughout the cell. Explain.
List any two applications of DNA fingerprinting technique.
Since DNA from every tissue (such as blood, hair - follicle , skin, bone, saliva, sperm etc.), from an individual, show the same degree of polymorphism, they become very useful identification tool in forensic
applications to identify criminals. Further, as the polymorphisms are inheritable from parents to children, DNA fingerprinting is the basic of paternity testing, in case of disputes.
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