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Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Short Answer Type

21. What does EcoRI signify ? How its name is derived ?

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22. Give the source of restriction enzyme, Bam HI and Kpn I.

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23. What are recognition sequences or recognition sites ?

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24. How are restriction endonuclease enzymes named ?

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25. Explain any three methods of vectorless gene transfer.

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26. Define vector. Give the properties of a “Good Vector”.

A vector is a DNA molecule that has the ability to replicate in an appropriate host cell, and into which the DNA fragment to be cloned is integrated for cloning.

A good vector must have the following properties :

(a) It should be able to replicate autonomously. It should have an Origin of replication.

(b) It should have selectable markers so that it can be easily isolated .

(c) It should have recognition site preferably a single site for restriction enzymes so that introduction of DNA is easy.

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27. Write a note on cloning vector.

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28. What do you understand by the term selectable marker ?

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Long Answer Type

29. Give the overall steps involved in Gene cloning.

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30. What is PCR? List the three main steps. Show the steps with a diagrammatic sketch.

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