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Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Short Answer Type

21. What does EcoRI signify ? How its name is derived ?

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22. Give the source of restriction enzyme, Bam HI and Kpn I.

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23. What are recognition sequences or recognition sites ?

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24. How are restriction endonuclease enzymes named ?

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25. Explain any three methods of vectorless gene transfer.

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26. Define vector. Give the properties of a “Good Vector”.

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27. Write a note on cloning vector.

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28. What do you understand by the term selectable marker ?

Selectable marker is a gene present in vector which helps in selecting those cells which contain the vector (transformant) and eliminating the non-transformants. Common selectable markers include the genes encoding resistance to antibiotics such as ampicillin,tetracycline or gene for β–galactosidase which can be identified by a colour reaction.

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Long Answer Type

29. Give the overall steps involved in Gene cloning.

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30. What is PCR? List the three main steps. Show the steps with a diagrammatic sketch.

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