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Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Short Answer Type

21. What does EcoRI signify ? How its name is derived ?

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22. Give the source of restriction enzyme, Bam HI and Kpn I.

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23. What are recognition sequences or recognition sites ?

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24. How are restriction endonuclease enzymes named ?

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25. Explain any three methods of vectorless gene transfer.

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26. Define vector. Give the properties of a “Good Vector”.

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27. Write a note on cloning vector.

Cloning Vectors is small DNA molecule which carries foreign DNA into the host cell and replicates and produces copy of the desired gene in the host organism.

Good cloning vectors have certain features -

(i) Origin of replication (Ori) so that it can replicate autonomously.

(ii) Selectable marker- so that isolation of the transformed cell is easy.

(iii) Cloning (Recognition) site so that DNA can be inserted into it.

(iv) Small size of vector.

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28. What do you understand by the term selectable marker ?

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Long Answer Type

29. Give the overall steps involved in Gene cloning.

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30. What is PCR? List the three main steps. Show the steps with a diagrammatic sketch.

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