List the steps in the formation of rDNA. from Biology Biotechnolo

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31. Give the applications of PCR technology.
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32. Why is “Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation” in plants described as Natural genetic engineering of plants ?
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33. Name the various cloning vectors and explain how a plasmid can be used for genetic engineering.
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34. How is recombinant DNA transferred to host ?
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35.

Make a chart (with diagrammatic representation) showing a restriction enzyme, the substrate DNA on which it acts, the site at which it cuts DNA and the product it produces.

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36. List the steps in the formation of rDNA.


Steps in formation of rDNA

Recombined DNA technology involves the following steps :

(i) Isolation of DNA.

(ii) Cutting of DNA by restriction endonucleases.

(iii) Isolation and amplification of the gene of interest.

(iv) Ligation of the DNA fragment into a vector using DNA ligase.

(v) Transfer of DNA fragment into host cell.

(v) Culturing of host cell and extraction of the recombinant product.


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37. How is isolated gene of interest amplified ?
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38.

List the features required in vectors that  facilitate cloning . With a suitable diagram show the E.coli cloning vector with  restriction sites.

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39. Explain the importance of (a) ori, (b) ampR and (c) rop in the E. coli vector .
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40. Name any two cloning vectors.
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